Remember, your job on the test is to convince me you've done all the reading.  So be sure to use the core list to refer to as many works as possible.  Be specific; put in any details that  you can remember that will show that you read and retained the material.  Try to bring in at least two or three works for each ID. You only have five of them to cover the whole course so far.  Don't BS-- remember I don't care so much if you are right or if I agree with you; I want to know if you have read the assignments.

BASIC ELEMENTS OF A GOOD ID ANSWER:

• Identify the author, term, type of criticism: what are they famous for?  When did they happen? What articles did we read associated with them?
• Give a couple of examples drawn from the reading
• Tie it into the rest of the course -- how does this fit into the history of feminist criticism?  What other articles have we read with similar ideas?

• (TERM) The Idea of the Other-- comes from Simone de Beavoir's The Second Sex.  Refers to the idea that all humans in groups define themselves against outsiders.  Those people represent all the aspects of being human that the core group has trouble dealing with.  In particular, DeB says that Woman is Other for western culture.  Men project all their fears on her: woman is emotional; woman is dumb; women is crafty and manipulative etc. The idea of the Other helps understand many archetypes in feminist archetypal criticism.  The Other that accompanies male hero is often a projection of the Shadow, the Jungian idea of all the parts of ourselves that we repress.  Virginia Woolf deals with this idea alaso in the 2nd chapter of Room where she talks about all the different ways that women appear in fiction, how they are always so powerful, but then in reality they are "beaten and flung about the room."  Ellmann also in her discussion of the wild steroetypes used to describe women writers deals with othering; she says women writers are always seen in terms of their bodies, and books are described in physical terms.
  
  
• (CRITIC)  M.H. Abrams is the critic who did the chart of the four orientations of critical theory.  The chart came from a book called The Mirror and the Lamp.  He divides the world of criticism into four arenas:
• the WORLd -- Mimetic criticism that deals with how art reproduces reality
• AUDIENCE -- Rhetorical criticism that deals with how people read
• THE AUTHOR -- Expressive crit that deals with the creative process
• THE WORK -- Objective crit which deals just with the text.
According to Abrams, the history of lit crit moves from mimetic to rhetroical to expressive to objective.  We can see this same movement in the hsitory of feminist criticism .  The first stage of feminist criticism, CRITIQUE, is focused on images of women: telling how bad all the stereotypes are, as well as discussing how women readers feel when they read these stereotypes.  Ellman show a lot of these steroetypes-- women as balloons, light headed, etc.  Nina Baym talks about how the Myth of the great American novel excludes women beacuse they are seterotyped as socially repressive.  Judith Fetterly's "Politics of Reading" is a full account of how women readers of American literature have to read against themselves, to see themselves as the enemy, as evil or unpleasant, or dead.